Erik Erikson Stages of Development and Cultural Implication

INTRODUCTION: An individual is made up of his or her frames of reference. Our social interactions and beliefs are all a reflection of our surroundings, environment, things we hear, feel or touch. A frame of reference can simply be defined as â€Å"The context, viewpoint, or set of presuppositions or of evaluative criteria within which a persons perception and thinking seem always to occur, and which constrains selectively the course and outcome of these activities therefore one can say, Gender, Age, Religion, Environment, Education, Occupation, Political Class, Family and Press are the common determinants of individual frames of reference. We are told about the world before we see it. We imagine most things before we experience them†¦show more content†¦However failure at this stage attracts a sense of guilt, lacking self-initiative and always a follower. Rewards In Nigeria parents are enthusiastic about the industriousness of their children and often reward their efforts. Nigerian parents always encourage their children to attend to errands and solve little problems thereby increasing the â€Å"initiativeness† of the child. Likewise children are allowed a great degree of interactions with fellow children in a proper cultural setting not the type we now have with parents inhibiting their child’s interaction with other children. Flogging The opposite of rewards for a good job by a child is flogging by parents in Nigeria. The cultural belief is that a child should be spanked when he or she does something wrong. However, this might kill the â€Å"initiativeness† in the child especially when they cannot relate their being punished to a certain misdemeanor. Industry vs. Inferiority Between age 6 – to puberty, children begin to develop a sense of pride in their accomplishment. They plan projects and see them through to completion. Teachers must encourage children at this stage to make them believe in their ability. Once a child is successful at this stage, they become industrious and confident in achieving life goals; inferiority complex is the repercussion of failure at this stage of development.Show MoreRelatedSocialisation, Personal Identity, Gender Identity And Gender Roles1313 Words   |  6 Pagesskills and habits necessary for precipitating within one’s society, thus the means by which social and cultural continuity are attained† (Boundless.com, 2015). The process of socialisation involves an individual such as an adolescent to have interactions with various agents of socialisation. 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